A curated collection, not a complete systematic review. Positive findings describe individual studies, not guaranteed treatment outcomes. Abstract-only reviews are labeled.
Retrospective naturalistic cohort study using latent class mixture modeling and internally cross-validated predictionPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Weissman CR, Cui B, Benster L, Stapper N, Miron JP, Daskalakis ZJ, Appelbaum LG, Kohn JN. · Journal of Affective Disorders · Published: 2026-06-24 · Added to site: 2026-11-01
First published online June 24, 2026. In records from 308 people receiving rTMS for treatment-resistant depression, symptom patterns separated into groups with minimal, moderate or large improvement. A history of suicidal thoughts was more common in the high-severity group that improved least. These patterns may support closer monitoring, but they do not yet provide a validated tool for predicting an individual patient's outcome or prove that rTMS caused the observed changes.
Participants 308 patients meeting the analysis criteriaFocus Treatment-resistant depression, Response trajectories, Early clinical monitoring
Randomized, single-blind, within-participant crossover physiology experiment with a separate exploratory stroke cohortPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Qiu S, Gao Y, Yi W, Zhang C, Liu C, Zhu X, Wang S, He H. · Communications Biology · Published: 2026-10-08 · Added to site: 2026-10-31
Published October 8, 2026. In 20 healthy adults, stimulation at or above motor threshold produced stronger short-term EEG responses and was followed by reduced hemispheric lateralization. A separate 10-person stroke cohort showed an association between lower beta lateralization and better motor function. These are early physiology and correlation findings, not evidence that an EEG marker can yet choose an effective treatment or improve recovery.
Participants 20 healthy adults received all four intensity conditions; the separate stroke cohort included 10 participants, nine men and one womanFocus Stimulation intensity, Beta-band lateralization, Interhemispheric rebalancing
Observational comparative-effectiveness analysis using individual participant data from two separate randomized clinical trials, with restriction, propensity-score overlap weighting and regression adjustmentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Adler E, Blumberger DM, Lenze EJ, Brown PJ, Karp JF, Lavretsky H, Rhee TG, Mulsant BH, Kaster TS. · American Journal of Psychiatry · Published: 2026-10-14 · Added to site: 2026-10-28
Published October 14, 2026. In an adjusted analysis of two earlier trials involving adults age 60 or older, rTMS was associated with lower depression scores at 10 weeks than three medication strategies. The comparison was not randomized between treatment types, so it supports a careful discussion of options rather than proving that rTMS is superior for every older adult.
Participants 758 eligible participants: 160 from FOUR-D and 598 from OPTIMUM, as reported by the linked institutional appraisalFocus Late-life depression, Treatment-resistant depression, Comparative effectiveness
Retrospective machine-learning methods study using two existing EEG datasetsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Dong W, Gong Z, Xu X, Liu K, Wei F, Zhuo L. · Journal of Neural Engineering · Published: 2026-10-26 · Added to site: 2026-10-27
Published online October 26, 2026. A new analysis method maintained strong depression-classification performance when EEG channels were missing or noisy across two existing datasets. This is a retrospective computing result, not a clinical diagnostic test, and it does not show that EEG alone can diagnose depression in routine care.
Participants The checked abstract does not report participant denominatorsFocus Depression classification, Missing channels, Feature selection
Randomized, counterbalanced crossover exercise-physiology study with a healthy comparison groupPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Kling J, Ekblom Ö, Persson Asplund R, Hallman DM, Jiang Y, Blom V. · European Journal of Applied Physiology · Published: 2026-10-25 · Added to site: 2026-10-27
Published October 25, 2026. Adults with stress-related exhaustion showed different HRV recovery patterns after low- and moderate-intensity cycling than healthy controls. The study may help refine questions about exercise intensity and recovery, but it did not test HRV biofeedback or show that one exercise prescription improves symptoms.
Participants 30 participants with stress-related exhaustion and 29 healthy controls; about 93% of each group were womenFocus Stress-related exhaustion, Exercise intensity, Recovery physiology
Engineering development and comparative validation studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Ravagli E, McEwan A, Aristovich KY. · Physiological Measurement · Published: 2026-10-26 · Added to site: 2026-10-27
Published online October 26, 2026. Researchers describe an open-source, lower-cost platform for high-speed biopotential recording. Its measurements compared favorably with a reference system in bench, ECG, EMG and rat-nerve tests, but the paper does not validate clinical EEG use or patient outcomes.
Participants Human and animal sample denominators are not reported in the checked abstractFocus Open-source hardware, Research accessibility, Signal acquisition
Random-order, sham-controlled, crossover pilot studyPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Qi W, Gilad A, Santacatterina M, Brinker S, Capichioni G, Ando F, Shoham S, Goff DC. · npj Acoustics · Published: 2026-10-20 · Added to site: 2026-10-27
Published October 20, 2026. In a 10-person crossover pilot, delusion ratings improved more after one focused-ultrasound session than after sham. Hallucination and cognition measures did not show significant differences. The early signal is encouraging, but the scale's clinical meaning is uncertain and seven days is too short to establish a durable treatment effect.
Participants 10 participants completed both active and sham sessions; 50% were women and mean age was 37.5 yearsFocus Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder, Delusions
Within-participant, counterbalanced sham and active-target experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Hopkins AR, Cain JA, White EA, Abakians SM, Monti MM. · Communications Biology · Published: 2026-10-26 · Added to site: 2026-10-27
Published October 26, 2026. Focused ultrasound aimed at two nearby thalamic regions produced different task changes in healthy volunteers: central-thalamic stimulation reduced vigilance, while pulvinar stimulation disrupted attention to the opposite visual field. The result supports ultrasound as a research tool for mapping brain function, not as evidence of a health benefit.
Participants 27 participants, including two womenFocus Arousal, Visuospatial attention, Thalamic function
Randomized sham-controlled clinical trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Liu X, Dong D, Song C, Ma Y, Wu D, Wang X, Hao J, Li H, Zhao J, Hu G, Xia F, Jiang W. · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · Published: 2026-10-26 · Added to site: 2026-10-26
First published online October 26, 2026. In a 72-person randomized trial, more participants receiving active cerebellar cTBS reached the study's sleep-quality improvement threshold than those receiving sham, and the difference remained at one month. The result is promising but does not establish durability beyond that short follow-up or identify who is most likely to benefit.
Participants 72 patients in the intention-to-treat analysis, including 51 women; mean age 44.3 yearsFocus Insomnia disorder, Sleep quality, Mood symptoms
Controlled visual-perception EEG and event-related-potential experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
He D, Yang AY, Coates DR, Ogmen H, Chung ST. · Vision Research · Published: 2026-10-25 · Added to site: 2026-10-26
First published online October 25, 2026. A visual-task experiment separated early sensory responses from later contour integration and identified distinct EEG timing patterns around feature binding, attention and task effort. This is a basic perception and methods result, not evidence for a diagnostic test or therapy.
Participants Participant denominator not reported in the checked abstractFocus Contour integration, Visual awareness, Feature binding
Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Huang L, Wang L, Ye S, Sun X, He X, Zhang Z, He C, wei Q. · Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair · Published: 2026-10-25 · Added to site: 2026-10-26
First published online October 25, 2026. Across randomized studies, several noninvasive stimulation approaches showed promising consciousness-scale signals. Because populations, causes and protocols differed, the rankings are research leads rather than proof that one approach is best for every patient.
Participants 41 studies included, with 19 entering quantitative analysis; the checked abstract does not report the total participant denominatorFocus Disorders of consciousness, Consciousness recovery, Neurorehabilitation
Within-participant experimental TMS-EEG methods studyPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Marco M, Andrea G, Andrea F, Carlo P, Giorgio L, Rocchi L. · Neuroscience Bulletin · Published: 2026-10-25 · Added to site: 2026-10-26
First published online October 25, 2026. In 16 healthy volunteers, the EEG response after motor-cortex TMS appeared to be driven mainly by the brain's starting excitability state rather than sensory feedback from the resulting muscle twitch. This helps interpret a research measurement; it does not show a treatment benefit.
Participants 16 volunteers, eight women and eight men; mean age 29.9 yearsFocus TMS-evoked potentials, Peripheral sensory feedback, Cortical excitability
Systematic review and random-effects network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Lin C, Chen W, Liu Y, Lin H, Lee S, Yu C, Chiu C, Chiang C, Chen P, Cheng Y. · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · Published: 2026-10-23 · Added to site: 2026-10-25
Published October 23, 2026. Across randomized trials in adults aged 60 and older, bilateral ECT and 10 Hz left-prefrontal rTMS showed the most consistent benefits compared with sham. Other highly ranked approaches were supported by less evidence, so ranking alone should not be treated as proof of superiority.
Participants 25 randomized controlled trials with 1,344 participants across 15 brain-stimulation modalitiesFocus Late-life depression, Depressive symptoms, Response and remission
Two-stage study with a 16-person randomized sham-controlled trial followed by a 30-person single-arm multimodal cohortPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Wang T, Ji Y, Liu S, Wu H, Gu L, Guo M, Wang P, Xu G. · Behavioural Brain Research · Published: 2026-10-24 · Added to site: 2026-10-25
Published October 24, 2026. Cognitive scores improved in the active group of a very small sham-controlled stage and in a later single-arm cohort. Biomarker and EEG changes offer research clues about possible mechanisms, but the study is too small and structurally limited to establish clinical effectiveness or disease modification.
Participants 16 participants in the randomized sham-controlled stage and 30 in the subsequent single-arm stage; possible cohort overlap was not resolved from the abstractFocus Alzheimer’s disease, Cognition, Neural oscillations and networks
Within-participant physiological analysis from the first follow-up of the ongoing ADVANCE cohortPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Maqsood R, Schofield S, Bull AMJ, Fear NT, Kemp H, Bennett AN, Boos CJ. · European Journal of Applied Physiology · Published: 2026-10-24 · Added to site: 2026-10-25
Published October 24, 2026. Short-term HRV measures increased during five minutes of slow breathing in a large military cohort, regardless of combat-injury status. People breathing at least 15 times per minute at baseline showed a larger RMSSD change, but the study did not test symptom relief, durability or a clinical treatment program.
Participants 962 participants with paired spontaneous- and slow-paced-breathing HRV data: 487 injured and 495 uninjuredFocus Autonomic physiology, Military injury rehabilitation, Respiratory rate
Within-participant controlled nighttime sleep experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Gupta P, Mutreja V, Lungu O, Lazzouni L, Gabitov E, Benali H, Jourde HR, Beltrame G, Coffey EBJ, Lina JM, Albouy G, King BR, Boutin A, Carrier J, Doyon J. · Journal of Sleep Research · Published: 2026-10-23 · Added to site: 2026-10-25
Published October 23, 2026. A sound replayed when EEG detected sleep spindles was followed by greater overnight improvement for its paired movement sequence than for an uncued sequence. This was a small healthy-young-adult experiment, not evidence for treating memory impairment or improving broad cognition.
Participants 26 participantsFocus Sleep spindles, Motor memory consolidation, Brain-state timing
Prospective single-center cohort study with convenience control samplesPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Shen Q, Eliseyev A, Kansara V, Neves Briard J, Song YL, Carmona J, Gonzales IJ, Velazquez A, Klein AJ, Agarwal S, Park S, Ghoshal S, Roh D, Connolly ES, Claassen J. · Brain · Published: 2026-10-22 · Added to site: 2026-10-24
Published October 22, 2026. Thirteen of 41 clinically unresponsive patients controlled a simple one-way EEG interface by attempting a hand movement. The result suggests that intentional control can sometimes be detected even without a visible response, but the system did not yet provide open-ended communication and cannot determine prognosis by itself.
Participants 41 clinically unresponsive patients, 22 conscious critically ill patients and 8 healthy volunteersFocus Acute brain injury, Disorders of consciousness, Bedside communication
Prospective randomized controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Wang L, Wei X, Wei Z, Wu Y, Dou Z. · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · Published: 2026-10-22 · Added to site: 2026-10-24
Published October 22, 2026. Adding movement and airflow feedback to two weeks of swallowing training improved oral-intake scores and reduced the proportion of severe airway-penetration or aspiration ratings compared with the same rehabilitation alone. The trial was small and conducted at one hospital, so larger studies are needed before assuming the result will generalize.
Participants 30 participants randomized 15 to bimodal biofeedback and 15 to control, with no attrition reportedFocus Post-stroke dysphagia, Swallowing rehabilitation, Supraglottic swallowing
Healthy-volunteer TMS-EEG mechanistic study with exploratory test-retest analysisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
van Hattem T, Hougland JR, Ahola O, Goetz SM, Humaidan D, Jooß A, Ziemann U. · Brain Stimulation · Published: 2026-10-23 · Added to site: 2026-10-24
Published October 23, 2026. TMS responses were more consistent when the sensorimotor mu rhythm had higher power just before a pulse. This healthy-volunteer result may help researchers design more reliable brain-state-guided stimulation, but it does not show a treatment benefit.
Participants 29 participants received 1,200 single TMS pulses; 10 completed two sessionsFocus Motor-evoked potentials, Sensorimotor mu rhythm, Response variability
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover experimental-medicine trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Montemitro C, Donahue D, Costumati A, Maruottolo F, Terezza S, Sjoberg C, Perini I, Roman M, Kugelberg FC, Heilig M. · Translational Psychiatry · Published: 2026-10-23 · Added to site: 2026-10-24
Published October 23, 2026. A TMS measure of cortical inhibition responded differently to a higher baclofen dose in heavy and light drinkers, suggesting a possible biomarker of altered GABAB-receptor sensitivity. The study tested physiology in a small volunteer sample, not a treatment for alcohol use disorder.
Participants 31 participants: 16 heavy drinkers and 15 light drinkersFocus Heavy alcohol use, GABAB receptors, Cortical inhibition
Prospectively registered systematic review with structured narrative synthesis and GRADE assessmentPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Pereira GS, Costa GV, Silva IR, dos Santos GN, da Silva ML. · Current Oral Health Reports · Published: 2026-10-15 · Added to site: 2026-10-23
Published October 15, 2026. Some trials found better short-term pain or jaw-function outcomes with PBM, but results varied across diagnoses, protocols and comparators. The review describes PBM as a potentially useful conservative option, not an established standalone treatment, and could not identify an optimal protocol.
Participants 14 randomized controlled trials with 1,001 randomized participants; fewer contributed to final analyses because of attritionFocus Temporomandibular disorders, Orofacial pain, Mandibular function
Laboratory EEG paradigm-development and machine-learning validation studyPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Li J, Yu P, Qiao H, Zheng Z, Wang C, Weng Z, Gong C. · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · Published: 2026-10-22 · Added to site: 2026-10-22
Published October 22, 2026. A new motor-imagery task and EEG decoding model distinguished imagined movements with encouraging accuracy in healthy volunteers. It is an engineering and physiology result, not evidence that the method improves rehabilitation outcomes in patients.
Participants 97 participants in the new dataset, plus the public nine-participant BCI Competition IV-2a datasetFocus Motor intention decoding, Participant engagement, Neurorehabilitation methods
Systematic review with structured narrative synthesisPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Fereidouni K, Mosleh-Shirazi O, Nikdast P, Kiany F. · Lasers in Medical Science · Published: 2026-10-21 · Added to site: 2026-10-22
Published October 21, 2026. Two small studies found that PBM after crown-lengthening surgery reduced pain at selected early time points, and one also reported lower pain-medication use. The evidence is too limited and inconsistent to identify a best protocol or support a broad treatment recommendation.
Participants Five clinical studies published from 2021 to 2024; four randomized comparative studies and one nonrandomized comparative study. A pooled person-level denominator was not stated in the checked textFocus Postoperative pain, Crown lengthening, Periodontal surgery
Secondary computational modeling study with paired within-participant comparisonsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Osorio Jurado S, Skorpil M, Svenningsson P, Moreno R, Olsson C. · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · Published: 2026-10-21 · Added to site: 2026-10-22
Published October 21, 2026. A new MRI-based model showed that predicted tDCS fields were driven more by individual anatomy than by the more complex diffusion-tensor choice. This may help focus future dose-personalization work, but no stimulation was delivered and the study does not show symptom improvement.
Participants 29 participants: 12 with Parkinson's disease and 17 healthy controls; all completed imaging and modelingFocus Parkinson's disease, Individualized dosimetry, Head modeling
Scoping reviewPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Grewal P, Seidman MB, Chasen J, Lench D, Dickens I, Brennan EA, Rodriguez-Porcel F, Kindred J, George MS, Kautz S, Caulfield KA, McTeague LM. · The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · Published: 2026-10-20 · Added to site: 2026-10-21
Published October 20, 2026. A broad review found the most consistent promising apathy findings for rTMS in Alzheimer disease, with positive trends in several other conditions. Results for tDCS and deep brain stimulation were more variable. This maps a developing field rather than proving that one approach works across diagnoses.
Participants 52 primary studies, including 1,366 participants; 10 systematic reviews or meta-analyses were synthesized separatelyFocus Apathy, Neuropsychiatric conditions, Safety
Prospective randomized single-blind active-comparator clinical trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Freitas IDOP, Schuartz I, Renz GLK, Mobile RZ, França MLS, Pianovski MAD, Sassi LM, de Araujo MR. · Supportive Care in Cancer · Published: 2026-10-19 · Added to site: 2026-10-21
Published October 19, 2026. Extraoral and intraoral red-light protocols produced similar oral-mucositis, pain and oral-health outcomes during high-dose methotrexate treatment. Extraoral delivery was much faster. Because both groups received active PBM, the trial compares delivery methods rather than proving effectiveness against no PBM.
Participants 155 randomized: 73 intraoral and 82 extraoral PBMFocus Pediatric oncology, Oral mucositis, Treatment delivery
Cross-sectional laboratory studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Wollesen B, Winter L, Gramann K, Protzak J. · Brain Research Bulletin · Published: 2026-10-20 · Added to site: 2026-10-21
Published October 20, 2026. Mobile EEG captured age-related differences as people combined a choice task with standing and walking. The study shows how portable recording can examine cognition during movement, but it did not test a treatment or demonstrate clinical benefit.
Participants 30 participants: 19 younger adults and 11 older adultsFocus Aging, Cognitive-motor interference, Dual-task walking
Clinical active-comparator cohort study with multimodal neuroimagingPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Guo Z, Chen W, Xie J, Pu Y, Yang H, Mu Q. · Neural Regeneration Research · Published: 2026-10-20 · Added to site: 2026-10-21
Published October 20, 2026. People receiving sequential stimulation of two cognitive-network targets improved more on several short-term cognitive measures than people receiving stimulation at one target. Because both groups received active treatment and the accessible abstract does not describe randomization, masking or follow-up after the 10-day course, this is a promising protocol-comparison result rather than proof of benefit over no stimulation.
Participants 101 completers: 50 single-site and 51 multisiteFocus Mild cognitive impairment, Cognition, Network-informed targeting
Narrative and translational review of mechanistic, neuroimaging and clinical evidencePositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Deng J, Shao Y, Jiang L, Wu B, Roberts N, Wang Q, Jia Z. · Molecular Psychiatry · Published: 2026-10-18 · Added to site: 2026-10-20
Published October 18, 2026. The review describes encouraging evidence that combining rTMS with antidepressant medication may improve the timing or durability of response for some people. It also emphasizes that the interaction is not uniformly additive and may depend on medication, stimulation protocol, brain state and individual context.
Participants Previously published mechanistic, neuroimaging and clinical studies; no new participants or pooled denominator were reported in the checked abstractFocus Depression, Combination treatment, State-dependent mechanisms
Four-week single-group pre-post physiological intervention studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Peters LP, Heni M, Peter A, Hummel J, Kubiak T, Herhaus B, Petrowski K. · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · Published: 2026-10-13 · Added to site: 2026-10-19
Published online October 13, 2026. After four weeks of resonance breathing with HRV feedback, healthy adults showed a smaller early drop in selected HRV measures during a glucose challenge. The study did not test symptoms, diabetes treatment or long-term health outcomes.
Participants 28 participants, including 16 women; mean age 25.68 yearsFocus Autonomic regulation, Metabolic challenge, Healthy adults
Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trialsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Bilal M, Kumari M, Farooq SZ, Sajjad F, Ullah MS, Akif M, Iftikhar S, Saddique MN, Nazari MJ. · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports · Published: 2026-10-13 · Added to site: 2026-10-19
Published October 13, 2026. Six small trials collectively favored iTBS for suicidal ideation, depression and anxiety symptoms, while sleep quality did not differ. The result is promising but provisional and does not establish an effect on suicide attempts, mortality or long-term recurrence.
Participants 6 trials; the suicidal-ideation analysis compared 181 active-iTBS participants with 157 sham participantsFocus Suicidal ideation, Depressive disorders, Evidence synthesis
Three-level meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Ali AM, Gorter M, Zakaria R, Jenkinson MD, Frank B, Klein M, de Witt Hamer PC, Douw L. · Brain Stimulation · Published: 2026-10-17 · Added to site: 2026-10-19
Published online October 17, 2026. Across 137 randomized studies, rTMS produced a small average improvement on objective cognitive tests that persisted at reported follow-up. Whether those test changes translate into noticeable everyday benefit remains uncertain.
Participants 137 studies, 5,972 participants and 748 objective cognitive measuresFocus Cognitive rehabilitation, Durability, Protocol moderators
Placebo-controlled pharmacological TMS-EEG experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Zhou J, He Y, Jin C, Yang C, Han Y, Wang Y, Zhen Z, Huang Z, Shi S, Che X, He J. · PLOS One · Published: 2026-10-16 · Added to site: 2026-10-19
Published October 16, 2026. The study independently replicated a drug-sensitive TMS-EEG signal over the motor region, while the same effect was not significant over the prefrontal region. This is a mechanistic methods result, not a clinical test or treatment outcome.
Participants 29 participantsFocus Interhemispheric signal propagation, GABAB modulation, Independent replication
Preclinical conductive-phantom safety and methods studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Chang A, Michiels J, Campos G, Nho Y, Duprat R, Vardalakis N, Koluda A, Qiu L, Choi W, Seilheimer R, Ganguly TM, Hamilton RH, Barbosa DA, Scangos K, Oathes D, Halpern C, Vitale F. · Brain Stimulation · Published: 2026-10-17 · Added to site: 2026-10-19
Published online October 17, 2026. A laboratory model found very small electrode movement, limited heating and electrical measures below safety thresholds under the tested conditions. This supports a reproducible testing approach, not a declaration that every TMS and implanted-electrode combination is safe in patients.
Participants Bench model tested with single-pulse TMS, 1 to 50 Hz rTMS and intermittent theta-burst stimulationFocus Implanted-electrode safety, Bench testing, Measurement framework
Randomized open-label crossover trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Mei X, Hasuo H, Sakuma H, Shida Y, Nishiyama J. · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · Published: 2026-10-16 · Added to site: 2026-10-18
Published October 16, 2026. Visual and vibration cues both helped healthy volunteers stay closer to a predicted resonance-breathing pattern and produced larger short-term HRV increases than no guidance. The study did not test symptom relief or long-term health outcomes.
Participants 72 participantsFocus Resonance-frequency breathing, Home practice, Guidance modality
Meta-analysis of sham-comparator studiesPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Dong Z, Zhang X, Zhang J, Yuan J, Li H, Tang W, Jiang W, Xu W. · Medicine · Published: 2026-10-16 · Added to site: 2026-10-18
Published October 16, 2026. Four small studies collectively favored rTMS for restless-legs symptom scores and overall sleep quality, but the primary-RLS sleep subgroup was not significant and larger randomized trials are needed.
Participants 4 studies; total participant count was not reported in the checked abstractFocus Restless legs syndrome, Sleep quality, Evidence synthesis
TMS-EEG analysis embedded in a randomized active-comparator add-on trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Klomfass S, Loy JK, Wunram HL, Biermann L, Pokorny L, Bender S. · Journal of Psychiatric Research · Published: 2026-10-14 · Added to site: 2026-10-18
Published online October 14, 2026. A change in a TMS-EEG signal tracked symptom improvement, particularly among girls, but the two exercise conditions did not differ. The signal is a research correlate, not a diagnostic or treatment-selection test.
Participants 54 adolescents: 38 girls and 16 boysFocus Adolescent depression, N100, Neurophysiological correlate
Multi-dataset observational EEG study with overnight sleep discovery data and independent task-EEG validation datasetsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Li M, Pan J, Han J, Bao X, Wu H, Wang F, Yu Y, Li A, Liu Y, Chen D, Yang X, He Y, Qin P, Li Y. · iScience · Published: 2026-09-24 · Added to site: 2026-10-17
First published online September 24, 2026. EEG spectral slope tracked sleep-related arousal changes, while complexity measures were more useful for separating unresponsive wakefulness syndrome from minimally conscious state in two task datasets. These research measures are not a stand-alone clinical diagnosis.
Participants Discovery sleep dataset: 52 participants, including 16 UWS, 18 MCS and 18 healthy controls; independent healthy sleep dataset: 37; separate BCI datasets: 78 and 10 patients with disorders of consciousnessFocus Disorders of consciousness, Arousal, Covert awareness
Task-EEG mechanistic study with source and lagged-connectivity analysisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Ohgomori T, Shiraiwa K, Naito Y, Ishii R, Takeda M. · Brain Research Bulletin · Published: 2026-09-24 · Added to site: 2026-10-17
First published online September 24, 2026. The study linked brief frontal theta reductions with different patterns of alpha suppression and longer-range theta coordination during attention switching. It was not a treatment or neurofeedback trial.
Participants 36 participantsFocus Attentional reconfiguration, Frontal midline theta, Functional connectivity
Within-participant, multi-session mechanistic study combining three iTBS targets, motor-evoked potentials and resting-state fMRIPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Chen Y, Zheng Z, Liu F, Cai H, Chu T, Luo S, Li Z, Zhu C. · iScience · Published: 2026-09-26 · Added to site: 2026-10-17
First published online September 26, 2026. Individual brain-network organization helped predict how remote motor-cortex excitability changed after iTBS, but the healthy-volunteer study found no overall group-level stimulation effect and did not test clinical improvement.
Participants 24 participants; 15 male and 9 female, mean age 24.29 yearsFocus Motor cortical excitability, Functional connectivity, Personalized stimulation
Prospective, single-center, open-label, uncontrolled naturalistic cohortPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Khanna A, Espiritu A, Zhu L, Blair M, Giovannetti O, Abate A, Knight J, Deutsch L, Waxman R, Burhan AM. · CNS Spectrums · Published: 2026-10-15 · Added to site: 2026-10-16
Published October 15, 2026. A five-day accelerated schedule was feasible in routine care and symptom scores improved through two months, but the uncontrolled study cannot show that stimulation caused the changes.
Participants 46 participants with longitudinal data; mean age 44.3 years and 54.4% maleFocus Treatment-resistant depression, Accelerated iTBS, Routine clinical practice
Open-access umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses; protocol registered and PRIOR/PRISMA reporting usedPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Song E, Ang L, Yim MH, Choi S, Kim J. · Lasers in Medical Science · Published: 2026-10-15 · Added to site: 2026-10-16
Published October 15, 2026. The review found encouraging patterns for selected uses, especially oncology-related oral mucositis, but most underlying reviews were methodologically weak and safety reporting was incomplete.
Participants 100 systematic reviews, 1,164 eligible primary-study occurrences and 790 unique primary studies; the cumulative reported sample was not a count of unique participantsFocus Evidence synthesis, Safety reporting, Clinical applications
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Hu S, Liu J, Wang F, Wang G, Zhi Y, Gao X, Kim D. · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · Published: 2026-10-15 · Added to site: 2026-10-16
First published online October 15, 2026. Selected stimulation approaches ranked well for motor scores, but the highest-ranked quality-of-life approaches did not significantly outperform sham.
Participants 45 randomized trials, 2,354 participants and 17 noninvasive brain-stimulation interventionsFocus Parkinson's disease, Motor function, Quality of life
Pre/post iTBS TMS-EEG mechanistic analysis with individualized whole-brain modeling and nested cross-validationPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Momi D, Wang Z, Oveisi MP, Kadak K, Bastiaens SP, Lissemore JI, Noda Y, Downar J, Rodriguez FV, Strafella R, Daskalakis ZJ, Zrenner C, Zomorrodi R, Rolle CE, Saggar M, Williams N, Keller CJ, Blumberger DM, Voineskos D, Griffiths JD. · Biological Psychiatry · Published: 2026-10-13 · Added to site: 2026-10-16
First published October 13, 2026. Researchers found EEG-model patterns that differed between people who did and did not respond to iTBS. The patterns are research candidates, not a validated prediction test.
Participants 90 patientsFocus Treatment-resistant depression, Response signatures, Computational modeling
Randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Iravani M, Salimi MM, Jahan A, Koshki TJ, Kalan AE. · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · Published: 2026-10-12 · Added to site: 2026-10-16
Published October 12, 2026. Four days of active light stimulation were associated with faster, more accurate non-dominant-hand tapping than sham in healthy adults. This does not show a treatment benefit in a patient group.
Participants 60 participants; group allocation denominator was not stated in the abstractFocus Motor performance, Supplementary motor area, Sensorimotor rhythms
Randomized double-blind sham-controlled crossover pilotPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Frey J, Shukla AW, Lopes JL, Fanty L, Wajid M, Ramirez‐Zamora A, Malaty IA, Cagle J, de Hemptinne C, Scarisbrick DM, Worhunsky P, Yu J. · Movement Disorders Clinical Practice · Published: 2026-10-11 · Added to site: 2026-10-12
The pilot found that accelerated rTMS could be delivered safely and was well tolerated. A four-person subset had lower cervical-dystonia scores two weeks after active stimulation, but the sample is far too small to show that the approach extends botulinum toxin benefit.
Participants Five participants; the main two-week symptom observation was reported for a more homogeneous subset of fourFocus Cervical dystonia, Treatment-interval bridging
Preregistered systematic review and random-effects meta-analysisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Alkout A, Husaini AHBE, Kadan A, Parlatini V, Cortese S, Bellato A. · International Journal of Psychophysiology · Published: 2026-10-09 · Added to site: 2026-10-12
CBT was associated with improvement in some HRV measures, including HF-HRV, LF-HRV and SDNN, but not RMSSD or several other indices. The review did not test HRV biofeedback and does not yet establish HRV as a clinical treatment-response marker.
Participants 12 studies identified; five randomized controlled trials were meta-analyzed and seven studies were narratively reviewed because calculable effects were unavailableFocus Depression, Anxiety disorders, Physiological treatment markers
Three-dimensional multiphysics computational modeling studyPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Zhang L, Liu Y, Qin S, Lin Y, Zheng S, Jiang X. · Scientific Reports · Published: 2026-10-11 · Added to site: 2026-10-12
The model suggests that increasing PBM power can raise tissue heating without continuing to improve the modeled cellular-energy response. That is a useful dose-design principle, but it is not a human treatment or safety study.
Participants Not applicable; simulations compared 810, 850 and 900 nm light across power and beam-radius settings during a 180-second exposureFocus Optical dose, Thermal loading, Modeled ATP-related response
Single-center single-blind three-arm randomized controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Kalem Ozgen AN, Yardimci G, Yilmaz B. · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · Published: 2026-10-07 · Added to site: 2026-10-12
At four weeks, both active-stimulation groups improved more than the sham group on selected walking and lower-extremity measures. No intervention-related adverse events were reported, but this was a small single-center trial and the two active protocols did not differ from one another.
Participants 30 participants randomized 1:1:1 to high-frequency rTMS, iTBS or sham iTBSFocus Chronic incomplete spinal cord injury, Walking and lower-extremity function
Within-participant laboratory EEG experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Ávila FJ. · Neuroscience · Published: 2026-10-10 · Added to site: 2026-10-12
Adding synchronized binaural beats strengthened periodic EEG responses at 8 and 20 Hz, but not at 40 Hz after separating rhythmic activity from the background spectrum. This is a laboratory physiology finding and does not show a health, cognitive or treatment benefit.
Participants 40 adultsFocus Neural entrainment, Periodic and aperiodic EEG activity
Cross-study feasibility report covering four randomized and three single-arm early-phase neurofeedback studies, reported as a preprintPositive with limitationsFull text checked
McNamara R, Randell E, Playle R, Hood K, Mouga S, Castelo-Branco M, Hallschmid M, Fruchtman-Steinbok T, Kadosh KC, Hendler T, Linden DE. · Research Square (preprint) · Published: 2026-10-09 · Added to site: 2026-10-11
Across seven small studies, researchers were generally able to recruit participants, deliver neurofeedback sessions and retain enough people for early-phase evaluation. The report is about whether the studies could be run, not whether neurofeedback treated any of the conditions.
Participants Seven studies with recruited samples ranging from 15 to 57 participantsFocus Trial feasibility, Transdiagnostic research design
Randomized double-blind yoked-sham controlled mechanistic trial reported as a preprintPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Lubianiker N, Woods B, Nitchie F, Batzdorf A, Mennen A, Lin Q, Norman KA, Turk-Browne NB, Sheline YI. · medRxiv (preprint) · Published: 2026-10-05 · Added to site: 2026-10-11
Participants receiving feedback tied to their own decoded attention became less likely than the sham group to remain stuck in the task's most negative attentional state. The study did not find a group difference in overall depression severity, so this is an encouraging mechanism result rather than evidence of symptom improvement.
Participants 48 analyzed participants randomized to real neurofeedback or yoked sham, 24 per group; 71 were screenedFocus Major depressive disorder, Negative attentional bias
Within-participant comparison of conventional cap electrodes and three hair-anchored attachment configurations, reported as a preprintPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Broor M, Ogunniyi K, Williamson L, Liu C. · bioRxiv (preprint) · Published: 2026-10-08 · Added to site: 2026-10-11
The hair-anchored attachments reached the scalp more reliably and used less gel than the conventional cap while remaining similarly comfortable. The early result points toward more inclusive EEG setup, but larger independent studies are needed.
Participants 17 adultsFocus Inclusive EEG acquisition, Type 4 Afro-textured hair
Single-center open-label single-arm pilot with a four-week standard-care baseline, four-week intervention and four-week follow-up, reported as a preprintPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Merrick CM, Dai F, Singh S, O'Kidhain I, Reber P, Luu C, Peterchev AV, Sheltraw D, Ivry RB, Labruna L, Ganguly K. · medRxiv (preprint) · Published: 2026-10-07 · Added to site: 2026-10-11
Upper-limb scores were stable before treatment and improved during four weeks of combined kTMP and motor practice. The seven-person, unblinded study cannot separate the effects of stimulation, practice, expectation or chance, so a randomized trial is needed.
Participants Seven participants; six completed the four-week follow-upFocus Chronic stroke, Upper-extremity rehabilitation
Four-participant multiple-baseline single-case experimental studyPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Kodama T, Kitai K, Mizomoto Y, Nishigaya K, Hashimoto S, Hiraga R, Shimizu S, Kawabata M, Hirabayashi Y, Ikesue K, Kako H, Yasui S, Ito H, Nishimoto K, Katayama O, Yamaguchi H, Nagano H, Inoue M, Murata S, Morita K. · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · Published: 2026-10-07 · Added to site: 2026-10-10
All four participants improved on at least some movement and body-perception measures during adaptive training. The small design is useful for early testing, but it is far too small to predict benefit for other stroke survivors.
Participants Four participants, ages 35 to 88Focus Post-stroke upper-limb recovery, Graded multisensory feedback
Retrospective uncontrolled pre-post observational study of routine multidisciplinary carePositive with limitationsFull text checked
Askovic M, Mascelloni M, Murdoch S, Aroche J, Hamlin ED, Harris AWF. · Frontiers in Psychiatry · Published: 2026-10-07 · Added to site: 2026-10-10
About six in ten participants were rated as meaningfully improved during multidisciplinary care that included individualized neurofeedback. Because counseling, medication and other supports were delivered alongside neurofeedback, the study cannot show which part of care caused the change.
Participants 53 adults with complete pre- and post-treatment EEG and clinical outcome dataFocus Persistent trauma-related symptoms, Refugee mental health
Algorithm development and evaluation across meditation and sleep EEG datasetsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Abramov A, Mikhaylets E, Chernyshev V, Kaplan A, Ratnikov F. · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · Published: 2026-10-07 · Added to site: 2026-10-09
A new analysis method found clear transitions in many meditation and sleep EEG recordings without needing labeled training examples. This is an early signal-processing advance, not a diagnostic or treatment tool.
Participants Recording and participant counts were not reported in the accessible abstractFocus Unsupervised brain-state segmentation, Topological data analysis
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Zhang FQ, Wu YN, Liu WD, Yang KH, Li XX, Wang SY. · World Journal of Pediatrics · Published: 2026-10-07 · Added to site: 2026-10-09
Across a network of 16 trials, biofeedback was associated with fewer and less intense headaches than waiting-list control and ranked favorably for headache frequency. The evidence was very uncertain, so the review supports informed discussion rather than a promise that one approach is best.
Participants 16 randomized controlled trials with 820 participantsFocus Pediatric primary headache, Headache frequency, duration and intensity
Pilot randomized active-control trialPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Hsu M, Lee YC, Yang CC, Lin PC, Liaw LJ, Chien CY, Lee PY, Guo LY. · Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy · Published: 2026-08-18 · Added to site: 2026-10-08
The short pilot found that the supervised feedback program was feasible and was followed by improvements in some neck-position accuracy and fear-avoidance measures. A larger trial is needed before judging treatment benefit.
Participants 20 participants randomized 1:1; all completed the intervention and post-intervention assessmentFocus Mechanical neck pain, Proprioception and fear avoidance
Systematic review of prospective controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Eladl HM, Alrashedi SN, Allam NM, Elsherbini DMA, El-Sherbiny M, Abdelrahman MMA, Abulfaraj M. · Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery · Published: 2026-08-12 · Added to site: 2026-10-08
Four small trials suggest that photobiomodulation may help short-term pain, swelling, movement or function after knee or hip replacement, but the evidence is not yet strong enough for firm conclusions.
Participants Four randomized controlled trials with 133 participants; three knee-arthroplasty studies and one hip-arthroplasty studyFocus Arthroplasty rehabilitation, Pain, swelling and function
Experimental closed-loop EEG-TMS feasibility study with reinforcement learningPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Humaidan D, Xu J, Chen J, Zrenner C, Vetter DE, Marzetti L, Belardinelli P, Roine T, Ilmoniemi RJ, Romani GL, Ziemann U. · NeuroImage · Published: 2026-08-18 · Added to site: 2026-10-08
A closed-loop system learned when each participant's motor network was in relatively higher or lower excitability states, supporting a more individualized approach to stimulation timing research.
Participants 25 participantsFocus Adaptive stimulation timing, Sensorimotor networks
Five-week two-condition longitudinal imaging studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Alemu K, Yoo HJ, Nashiro K, Min J, Nasseri P, Cho C, Choi P, Bachman SL, Porat S, Dutt S, Thayer JF, Mather M. · International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · Published: 2026-08-30 · Added to site: 2026-10-07
Five weeks of daily HRV biofeedback was associated with condition-specific patterns in how amygdala and prefrontal volume changes covaried, supporting further study of brain-heart training mechanisms.
Participants 151 participants, including 100 younger and 51 older adultsFocus Emotion regulation, Brain-heart interactions
Randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled crossover experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
de Matos NMP, Stämpfli P, Seifritz E, Brügger M. · NeuroImage · Published: 2026-07-30 · Added to site: 2026-10-07
One session produced an exploratory EEG network signal during active training, offering a useful lead for future studies rather than evidence of symptom improvement.
Participants 39 analyzed EEG datasetsFocus Functional connectivity, Neurofeedback mechanisms
Pilot randomized active-comparator trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Desbeaumes Jodoin V, Bousseau E, Trottier-Duclos F, Jutras-Aswad D, Lespérance F, Assi ÉB, Nguyen DK, Blumberger DM, Baker TE, Arns M, Daskalakis ZJ, Lespérance P, Miron JP. · Psychiatry research · Published: 2026-06-11 · Added to site: 2026-10-07
Both stimulation approaches were associated with symptom improvement, and this small pilot found no clear difference between them. The result mainly supports a larger head-to-head trial.
Participants 28 randomized; 25 completed all 30 sessionsFocus Treatment-resistant depression, Comparative neuromodulation
Double-blind randomized sham-controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Ahmed RAM, Mohamed AA, Youssef A, Fahmy E, Hamdy HS, Nafia H, Fayed IH, El-Din SS. · Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · Published: 2026-08-06 · Added to site: 2026-10-07
Adding active rTMS to an eight-week vestibular rehabilitation program improved dizziness, balance and postural-stability measures more than sham stimulation in this small trial.
Participants 56 adultsFocus Vestibular rehabilitation, Balance and dizziness
Systematic review of passive auditory and language ERP studiesPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Martin I, Arora J, Hamill L, Cho E, Scanavini G, Radanovic A, Shaukat L, Hill NJ, Shah SA, Alkhoury L. · Neuropsychologia · Published: 2026-10-02 · Added to site: 2026-10-06
The review maps how four commonly studied auditory brain responses tend to change with age, providing a reference for future work on atypical development.
Participants 62 studies; total participant denominator not reported in the abstractFocus Auditory development, Normative ERP trajectories
Narrative reviewPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Xiong W, Su Y, Chen H, Verkhratsky A, Yi C. · Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · Published: 2026-10-01 · Added to site: 2026-10-06
The review describes why light-based approaches are being studied across neurological and psychiatric conditions and highlights the need for disease-specific protocols and larger trials.
Participants Study count and participant denominator not reported in the abstractFocus Central nervous system disorders, Mechanisms and protocol development
Systematic review with narrative synthesis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Pereira GS, da Silva ML, Baptista AF, de Araujo JE. · The European journal of neuroscience · Published: 2026-10-01 · Added to site: 2026-10-06
TMS measures such as motor-evoked potentials often changed alongside gains in movement or daily function, supporting their study as monitoring tools during stroke rehabilitation.
Participants 16 randomized controlled trials; total participant denominator not reported in the abstractFocus Stroke rehabilitation, Motor recovery biomarkers
Uncontrolled six-person case seriesPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Dellenbach BHS, Lewis AF, Cote RK, Phipps AM, Thompson AK. · Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · Published: 2026-09-28 · Added to site: 2026-10-05
Five participants improved on at least one arm/hand test, and all five with paired self-care assessments improved. This supports further rehabilitation research.
Participants Six completed; five supplied paired self-care scoresFocus Spinal cord injury, Upper-limb rehabilitation
Preclinical mouse and cell experimentsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Wang T, Liang Z, Zeng W, Chen J, Wang C, Gong X, Chen S, Zhou Y, Wu H, Tang L, Ma Y, Zhou D, Hong Z. · Nature communications · Published: 2026-09-29 · Added to site: 2026-10-05
PEMF improved bone measures in stressed mice, suggesting a peripheral nerve pathway worth investigating. This was not a human treatment trial.
Participants Main stress/bone experiment: six biological replicates per group; other experiments variedFocus Preclinical mechanisms, Stress-related bone loss
Four-arm randomized sham-controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Hu J, Mou C, Jiang X, Zhang L, Ling Y, Zhao J, Meng F, He F, Wang H, Peng F, Ning J, Gao J, Xu C, Xiao J, Zhao S, Yu J, Pan G, Luo B. · NeuroImage · Published: 2026-10-03 · Added to site: 2026-10-04
The 40-Hz protocol produced greater short-term consciousness-score improvements than 4-Hz or sham stimulation, supporting further controlled investigation.
Participants 60 total; allocation and follow-up denominators unavailable in abstractFocus Disorders of consciousness, Auditory steady-state response
Uncontrolled pre/post pilotPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Zlatkova K, Kerson C, Sherman R, Bendinskas K. · NeuroRegulation · Published: 2026-09-28 · Added to site: 2026-10-04
Anxiety and perceived-stress ratings fell after training, offering an encouraging preliminary signal.
Participants 12 enrolled; 11 completed; cortisol analysis excluded one outlier (n=10)Focus Anxiety, Stress, Hair cortisol
Task-state comparison with pre/post assessmentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
McInnes AN, Pipia VL, Maynard KL, Kalender G, Widge AS. · Brain stimulation · Published: 2026-10-03 · Added to site: 2026-10-04
Engaging cognitive control during stimulation was associated with better subsequent task performance, suggesting a useful way to study treatment consistency.
Participants 23 participantsFocus Cognitive control, State-dependent stimulation
Single-center randomized trial with blinded outcome assessorsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Wang N, Li M, Zhang G. · Brain and behavior · Published: 2026-09-28 · Added to site: 2026-10-04
Combined stimulation showed a promising advantage on the study-defined composite awakening endpoint: 26/28 versus 19/29 and 18/29 with either modality alone.
Participants 86 randomized: rTMS 29, nerve stimulation 29, combination 28Focus Severe traumatic brain injury, Consciousness recovery
Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Xie JY, Zhao T, Guo L, Li D, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Wang P, Meng L, Wang G, Yang Z. · Biological psychiatry · Published: 2026-10-03 · Added to site: 2026-10-04
The review identifies promising EEG responses for further research into tracking depression and treatment response.
Participants 21 studies; 1,025 patients and 517 controlsFocus Depression, Candidate biomarkers
Randomized single-blind sham-controlled three-arm parallel-group studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Luo Y, Yin S, Chen L, Gao H, Zhao P, Wen H. · NeuroImage · Published: 2026-10-02 · Added to site: 2026-10-03
Healthy adults who received 40-Hz ear-based vagus nerve stimulation recalled more words than the other groups, alongside a temporary increase in frontal theta activity. This does not establish benefit for memory disorders.
Participants 44 participants total; allocation counts for sham, 20-Hz and 40-Hz groups were not provided in the checked abstractFocus Verbal free recall, Frontal theta, Frequency-specific stimulation
Randomized controlled trial with pre- and post-intervention assessmentsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Li Y, Wu J, Liu N, Li X, Zhou T, Kang J. · Behavioural brain research · Published: 2026-07-23 · Added to site: 2026-10-03
Alpha neurofeedback was associated with improvements in caregiver-rated social cognition and relating skills. This encouraging small trial supports further study of individualized support for autistic children.
Participants 40 children total; arm-specific allocation and analyzed denominators were not reported in the abstractFocus Autism, Social cognition, Caregiver-rated behavior, Periodic and aperiodic EEG
Engineering development and laboratory validation of a stretchable multichannel EEG research platformPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Hsieh JC, Yao M, Alawieh H, Koptelova V, Kumar S, Tang KWK, Wang W, Jeong J, Ding H, Ahmad Z, Wang D, Engrav T, Wang R, Gupta A, He W, Moscoso-Barrera WD, Grimes A, Millán JDR, Wang H. · Science Advances · Published: 2026-10-02 · Added to site: 2026-10-03
A reusable research interface maintained EEG contact through hair during repeated laboratory recordings and online BCI tasks. Home use, clinical monitoring and comfort still require broader testing.
Participants Human participant denominator and demographic details were not provided in the checked abstractFocus Hair-compatible electrodes, Longitudinal EEG, Reusable neural interfaces
Pilot randomized real-versus-sham controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Son S, Lee S, You J, Kim JK, Lim JY. · Medicine · Published: 2026-10-02 · Added to site: 2026-10-03
Pain scores improved after five real iTBS sessions but not after sham in this small pilot. Larger studies are needed before the result can guide routine poststroke-pain care.
Participants 20 patients total; arm-specific allocation was not provided in the checked abstractFocus Central poststroke pain, Neuropathic pain, Motor-cortex stimulation
Baseline resting-state EEG study with 12-week clinical outcome classification and nested cross-validationPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Song YW, Lee HA, Kim S, Kim JS. · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry · Published: 2026-10-02 · Added to site: 2026-10-03
Baseline EEG network features distinguished later antidepressant responders from nonresponders within this research sample. The model has not yet been validated as a clinical test for selecting medication.
Participants 47 patients with major depressive disorder and 41 healthy controls; 20 patients were classified as responders and 27 as nonrespondersFocus Major depressive disorder, Treatment-response biomarkers, Functional connectivity
Two real-time fMRI neurofeedback experiments with a yoked sham-feedback comparisonPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
van de Langenberg SCN, Gurevitch G, Markovits T, Singer N, Ben-Yakov A, Hendler T, Schwabe L. · Current Biology · Published: 2026-10-01 · Added to site: 2026-10-02
In two experiments, contingent feedback helped participants learn mental strategies that increased activity in the targeted hippocampal region during one session. This demonstrates target engagement, not improved memory, symptoms or daily function.
Participants 141 participants across two studiesFocus Hippocampal activity, Self-generated cognition, Target engagement
Offline multi-model simulation and theoretical performance-bound analysis using existing EEG dataPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Parthasarathy N, Soetedjo J, Panchavati S, Parthasarathy N, Lee D, Arnold C, Pouratian N, Speier W. · PLOS ONE · Published: 2026-10-01 · Added to site: 2026-10-02
Language-model assistance substantially improved simulated P300 typing speed on existing EEG recordings. The result is promising for communication technology, but it was an offline analysis in healthy adults rather than a real-time trial in people with ALS.
Participants EEG data from 78 healthy adults aged 20 to 35Focus P300 speller, Assistive communication, Cross-subject decoding
Retrospective observational study of emergency-physician-selected reduced-lead EEG usePositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Yamaguchi H, Maruyama A, Ueda T, Oikawa S, Matsui S, Nozu K, Nagase H, Nishiyama M. · Epilepsy Research · Published: 2026-09-26 · Added to site: 2026-10-02
Reduced-lead EEG identified electrographic seizures during pediatric emergency care and helped clinicians act while monitoring was underway. The retrospective study cannot show that this workflow improved neurological outcomes.
Participants 51 recordings with minimal artifacts: 27 febrile-seizure, 8 acute encephalopathy or encephalitis, and 16 epilepsy casesFocus Pediatric emergency care, Electrographic seizures, Timely intervention
Computational finite-element comparison using an idealized four-layer spherical head modelPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Wang Z, Wang J, Chen L, Chen Y, Yu S. · Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine · Published: 2026-10-01 · Added to site: 2026-10-02
An idealized computer model suggests that temporal-interference magnetic stimulation may reach a deep target with less relative surface exposure than the electrical approach. It does not establish device safety, focality or benefit in people.
Participants No human or animal participants; one generic scalp, skull, cerebrospinal-fluid and brain modelFocus Temporal interference, Deep targeting, Electric-field modeling
Systematic review with risk-of-bias and GRADE certainty assessmentPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Lu S, Hu S, Huang J, Shi Y, Yu D, Cao W, Yin M, Petersen JD, Huang B. · Journal of medical Internet research · Published: 2026-09-30 · Added to site: 2026-10-01
EEG research shows promising group differences and early classification signals in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. The review found that the evidence is not yet strong enough to support EEG as an established clinical screening or diagnostic test.
Participants 20 reports with a maximum of 3,853 confirmed-deduplicated participants, including 2,927 with SCD, MCI, Alzheimer disease or other dementiasFocus Subjective cognitive decline, Mild cognitive impairment, Biomarker validation
Three-arm pilot randomized controlled trial with post-treatment and follow-up assessmentsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Faridi A, Taremian F, Najafi-Dehjalali R, Thatcher RW. · Clinical EEG and neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-30 · Added to site: 2026-10-01
A small pilot found numerical improvements in addiction-severity domains after LORETA Z-score neurofeedback and dot-probe training alongside methadone treatment. The study is encouraging but cannot establish that either added program outperformed the control condition.
Participants 30 men randomized across LORETA Z-score neurofeedback, dot-probe cognitive rehabilitation and methadone-maintenance-only groupsFocus Opioid use disorder, Addiction severity, Methadone maintenance
Public-dataset machine-learning development and grouped cross-validation studyPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Vakili AA, Jahanshiri S, Salimi-Badr A. · PLOS ONE · Published: 2026-09-30 · Added to site: 2026-10-01
A single-channel EEG model improved automatic sleep-stage classification on public benchmark recordings, including the difficult N1 stage. The results support simpler monitoring research but are not a substitute for clinical polysomnography or prospective validation.
Participants SleepEDF-20: 20 participants and 39 recordings; SleepEDF-78: 78 participants and 197 recordingsFocus Sleep staging, Single-channel EEG, Temporal modeling
Prospectively registered double-blind randomized sham-controlled clinical trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Tian Y, Jiang L, Gang X, Chen M, Tang S, Wang X, Zhang X, Wang D. · Molecular psychiatry · Published: 2026-09-29 · Added to site: 2026-10-01
After a 15-session theta-frequency stimulation program, participants showed improvements on laboratory measures of proactive and reactive cognitive control. The finding is promising but does not yet establish reduced drug use or durable real-world benefit.
Participants 68 men enrolled; 56 completed all procedures and were included in the final analysisFocus Methamphetamine use disorder, Cognitive control, Frontal midline theta
PRISMA-ScR scoping reviewPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Nguyen AT, Johnson MJ. · Annals of biomedical engineering · Published: 2026-09-29 · Added to site: 2026-09-30
EEG measures often changed during action observation and sometimes tracked upper-limb recovery after stroke. These signals are promising for guiding rehabilitation research, but they are not yet standardized clinical biomarkers.
Participants 22 included studies selected from 386 recordsFocus Stroke rehabilitation, Action observation, Motor biomarkers
Retrospective single-center machine-learning cohort studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Stafford RA, Srivastava V, Altaf AZ, Tang L, Sachdeva AS, Elman D, Mallinger LA, Reinert AL, Madipally SSK, Salvati LR, Wahlster S, Chen D, Gilmore EJ, Greer DM, Cheng H, Ong CJ. · Neurocritical care · Published: 2026-09-28 · Added to site: 2026-09-30
A research model found EEG patterns associated with diffuse brain swelling after cardiac arrest, including before radiographic recognition in a small matched analysis. It is an early-warning research signal, not a validated diagnostic or prognosis tool.
Participants 124 patients in the detection cohort; 19 edema cases and 19 matched referents in the prediction analysisFocus Cardiac arrest, Cerebral edema, Clinical decision support
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Alashram AR. · Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · Published: 2026-09-29 · Added to site: 2026-09-30
Across seven randomized trials, combining rTMS with mirror therapy was associated with better upper-limb motor and dexterity scores after stroke. The evidence is promising, but it does not identify a best stimulation or therapy protocol.
Participants 7 randomized controlled trials with 402 participantsFocus Stroke rehabilitation, Upper-limb function, Mirror therapy
Technical validation study with participant-disjoint and external-dataset evaluationPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Costanzo Palmisciano A, Farabbi A, Latino F, Rossi M, Antonello N, Cerveri P, Mainardi L. · Physiological measurement · Published: 2026-09-29 · Added to site: 2026-09-30
A wearable EEG pipeline identified contaminated segments and left cleaner segments untouched. Results support more selective signal cleanup, but the work was performed offline and does not establish clinical accuracy or consumer readiness.
Participants 29 participants in the eyewear EEG dataset; external benchmark from 24 participants across two studiesFocus Artifact management, Dry electrodes, Edge processing
Single-session, within-subject, sham-controlled early-feasibility studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Reis C, Hainke L, Headley G, Navarro S, Zanto TP, Certain R. · The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · Published: 2026-09-25 · Added to site: 2026-09-28
A single immersive 40 Hz session was tolerated by all 11 participants and produced a stronger EEG response at the stimulation frequency than baseline or sham. Exploratory memory-task findings were encouraging, but the study did not test repeated use or sustained everyday benefit.
Participants 11 participants; all completed the sessionFocus Alzheimer's disease, Feasibility, Target engagement
Retrospective comparative analysis with a prespecified non-inferiority marginPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Abdelnaim MA, Reissmann A, Kerkel K, Aamer M, Huebner J, Poeppl TB, Schoisswohl S, Langguth B. · European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-26 · Added to site: 2026-09-28
Depression scores improved in both intensity groups. The lower-intensity group met the study's non-inferiority criterion on the clinician-rated depression scale and reported fewer side effects, but the retrospective design cannot show that intensity alone caused the difference.
Participants 215 patients: 107 treated at 80% resting motor threshold and 108 at 120%Focus Depression, Stimulation intensity, Tolerability
Prospective treatment cohort with baseline structural-network imagingPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Li Y, Wang M, Han W, Wei H, Zhu Y, Xu Y. · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · Published: 2026-09-27 · Added to site: 2026-09-28
Lower strength and organization in two structural-network measures were associated with poorer response and remission after rTMS. This may help future treatment planning, but it is not yet a validated test for deciding who should receive treatment.
Participants 204 patients receiving a four-week course of left-prefrontal rTMSFocus Depression, Response prediction, Personalization
Randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Guo R, Li X, Zou C, Zheng C, Wu X, Lu X, Yan J, Zhang J, Luo X, Ye S, Zhou D. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · Published: 2026-09-27 · Added to site: 2026-09-28
Active 40 Hz temporal stimulation was associated with better change on the ADAS-Cog total score, memory and praxis measures than sham. The MMSE comparison was not statistically significant, and the result needs confirmation in larger multicenter studies.
Participants 100 participants randomized 1:1; 85 completed the trialFocus Alzheimer's disease, Cognition, Functional connectivity
Uncontrolled single-case proof-of-concept reportPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Romita A, Spina RP, Li Volsi N, Cacciapaglia C, Manippa V, Schiavariello MC, Soleto L, Fiore P, Speranzon L, De Trane S, Taurisano P, Lagravinese G. · Brain Sciences · Published: 2026-09-25 · Added to site: 2026-09-27
Auditory EEG feedback was feasible for one patient whose severe visual impairment made visual feedback impractical. Cognitive, functional, mobility and EEG measures changed during a broader four-week rehabilitation program, but the study cannot show which component caused those changes.
Participants One 53-year-old man after emergency resection of a giant olfactory groove meningiomaFocus Brain tumor rehabilitation, Cognition, Sensory adaptation
Randomized, assessor-blinded, delayed-start controlled trialPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Liu Q, Yang R, Li D, Wei L, Chu E, Bao Y, Liu Z, Jin L, Xue C, Wang Z. · Frontiers in Neurology · Published: 2026-09-25 · Added to site: 2026-09-27
Starting combined central and peripheral magnetic stimulation earlier was associated with less elbow spasticity and better upper-limb motor scores at three weeks. Differences narrowed after the delayed group also received active treatment.
Participants 100 participants randomized 1:1; 50 received active stimulation during weeks 1 to 3 and 50 during weeks 4 to 6Focus Stroke, Upper-limb spasticity, Motor rehabilitation
Secondary machine-learning analysis of a public pediatric EEG dataset with internal cross-validationPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Songhori N, Niknam N, Eslamiyan E, Solhirad M. · BMC Biomedical Engineering · Published: 2026-09-24 · Added to site: 2026-09-27
A symbolic deep-learning method separated ADHD and control EEG recordings with encouraging internal performance. It remains a research classifier, not a validated diagnostic or screening test.
Participants 121 children: 61 with psychiatrist-diagnosed ADHD and 60 age-matched controlsFocus ADHD, Pediatric assessment, Signal classification
Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Ren H, Jiao J, Lan X, Tan C, Wang Z, Pei H, Yao D, Liu T, Dong L. · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-24 · Added to site: 2026-09-27
Across randomized studies, cognitive test scores generally favored active rTMS for mild cognitive impairment. The estimated benefit varied substantially across studies, so the result does not establish an optimal protocol or an improvement in everyday independence.
Participants 14 trials contributing 15 datasets; 672 participants in the primary MoCA analysis and 474 participants in the quantitative safety analysisFocus Mild cognitive impairment, Cognition, Safety
Multi-dataset engineering validation using simulated contamination and independently recorded artifact sourcesPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Jamil M, Aziz MZ, Huang B, Yu X. · Journal of neural engineering · Published: 2026-09-22 · Added to site: 2026-09-26
The method recovered cleaner EEG waveforms and some motor-imagery decoding accuracy in public datasets while running quickly on a CPU. This is offline engineering evidence, not proof of better clinical recordings or care.
Participants Four public motor-imagery EEG datasets plus independently recorded ocular, muscular and cardiac artifact sources; participant and segment counts were not reported in the checked abstractFocus Artifact removal, Motor imagery, Signal quality
Secondary machine-learning analysis of an open clinical recording dataset with epoch-level train, validation and test partitionsPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Plabon AM, Mukit A, Neyamul M, Jehady OF, Zuba FT, Mina MF, Islam T. · PloS one · Published: 2026-09-22 · Added to site: 2026-09-26
Adding ECG channels improved internal classification of where already confirmed epileptiform discharges appeared on the scalp. The model did not detect discharges, localize a seizure source or prove that ECG is a clinical biomarker.
Participants 2,514 expert-confirmed four-second IED epochs from 52 participant recordings containing IEDs within an 84-participant datasetFocus Epilepsy, Interictal epileptiform discharges, Signal classification
Cross-sectional model-development study with patient-wise stratified five-fold cross-validationPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Xu B, Xu H, Liu H, Chen Y. · Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering · Published: 2026-09-23 · Added to site: 2026-09-26
A model separated cortical from subcortical stroke groups with encouraging internally cross-validated performance across three fNIRS conditions. It is an early engineering result, not a validated diagnostic test.
Participants 175 participants; cortical and subcortical subgroup counts were not reported in the checked abstractFocus Ischemic stroke, Stroke subtype classification, Explainable AI
Long-term EEG follow-up of a randomized foster-care intervention cohort with a never-institutionalized comparison groupPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Valadez EA, Jopling E, Macera E, Wade M, Zeanah CH, Nelson CA, Fox NA. · Development and psychopathology · Published: 2026-09-23 · Added to site: 2026-09-26
Young adults assigned to foster care in childhood showed performance-monitoring ERP patterns similar to never-institutionalized peers and different from those who remained in institutional care. The study supports the long reach of early caregiving without turning EEG into an individual prognosis.
Participants 127 young adults: 46 originally randomized to foster care, 42 to care as usual and 39 never institutionalizedFocus Cognitive control, Early caregiving, Long-term development
Within-participant controlled laboratory perturbation experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Kadosh A, Wonderman Bar Sela O, Ofir Geva S, Muhana A, Frenkel-Toledo S, Soroker N, Mawase F. · Journal of neurophysiology · Published: 2026-09-23 · Added to site: 2026-09-26
Brief interference over the motor cortex opposite the active hand disrupted precise finger-force control more than same-side stimulation. This maps a motor-control mechanism in healthy adults and is not evidence that rTMS improves movement.
Participants 11 healthy adultsFocus Force regulation, Motor cortex, Sensorimotor control
Exploratory imaging analysis of a randomized usual-care-controlled trialPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Manser P, Rosio M, Schmidt A, Michels L, de Bruin ED. · GeroScience · Published: 2026-09-22 · Added to site: 2026-09-25
The home program was associated with promising changes in memory-task brain activity and memory accuracy. It combined exercise, cognitive practice and breathing biofeedback, so this study cannot identify which component produced the changes.
Participants 32 participants analyzed, 18 in Brain-IT and 14 in usual careFocus Mild neurocognitive disorder, Memory, Home-based training
Between-group laboratory comparison with behavioral and EEG measuresPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Alsuradi H, Korres G, Ko P, Hong J, Eid M. · Journal of neural engineering · Published: 2026-09-21 · Added to site: 2026-09-25
Continuous pressure cues supported more accurate position judgments than discrete vibration cues in this laboratory task. This was a human-augmentation experiment, not a rehabilitation or clinical-outcome trial.
Participants 42 participants assigned to continuous sliding-pressure or discrete vibrotactile feedbackFocus Proprioception, Human augmentation, Sensorimotor integration
Single-center randomized sham-controlled blinded clinical trialPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Ma X, Yan F, Liu Z, He S, Liu L, Liang J, Yuan M, Wang S, Qu S, Yang S, Gao Y, Qiu H, Li Y, Yang C, Li Y, Li T, Wang Y. · BME frontiers · Published: 2026-09-22 · Added to site: 2026-09-25
The active group improved more than the sham group across several cognitive and neuropsychiatric measures after 15 days. Several gains weakened by the 60-day follow-up, so this small study supports further testing rather than routine treatment conclusions.
Participants 36 adults with mild biomarker-confirmed Alzheimer's disease, 18 active and 18 sham; 16 healthy older adults supplied baseline imaging comparisonsFocus Alzheimer's disease, Cognition, Brain networks
Randomized controlled proof-of-concept with a follow-up experimentPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Wang Z, Babu S, Beck N, Frank SM. · NMR in biomedicine · Published: 2026-09-21 · Added to site: 2026-09-24
Healthy adults receiving accurate feedback learned to shift the measured metabolite signal in the assigned direction. This is a method-development result, not evidence of clinical benefit.
Participants Experiment 1: 30 healthy adults, 15 with veridical feedback and 15 with random feedback; Experiment 2: 15 adults, including nine returning participants and six newly recruited participantsFocus Glutamate-glutamine, Healthy adults, Method development
Prospective longitudinal observational EEG studyPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Godel M, Fló A, Benjamin L, Dehaene-Lambertz G, Schaer M. · eLife · Published: 2026-09-21 · Added to site: 2026-09-24
The study mapped early speech-processing trajectories and found that weaker syllable tracking related to later verbal scores. These EEG measures are research candidates, not diagnostic tests for autism.
Participants 83 high-density EEG recordings from 44 infants: 25 at high likelihood and 19 at low likelihood for autismFocus Language development, Autism likelihood, Longitudinal biomarkers
Prospective pre-post cohort with healthy controls and no sham treatment armPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Wu J, Deng Z, Cheng X, Li S, Qiu N, Hu L, Chen Z, Yao D, Pu L, Yan H. · Depression and anxiety · Published: 2026-09-21 · Added to site: 2026-09-24
EEG microstate patterns changed differently in lower- and higher-anhedonia groups during two weeks of iTBS. Without sham treatment, the study cannot show that stimulation caused the clinical or EEG changes.
Participants 50 adults with major depressive disorder, 25 with high anhedonia and 25 with low anhedonia, plus 25 healthy controlsFocus Major depressive disorder, Anhedonia, EEG microstates
Narrative review and critical conceptual analysisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Bambico FR, Nicoglou A, Relente J, Surget A, Belzung C. · Molecular psychiatry · Published: 2026-09-21 · Added to site: 2026-09-24
The review explains why targeting brain circuits is promising while emphasizing that mechanisms and translation remain incomplete. It is not a new clinical trial or proof that one modality is best.
Participants Narrative literature review; study count was not reported in the abstractFocus Psychiatric disorders, Neural circuits, Mechanisms
Multicenter retrospective longitudinal matched case-control analysis with nested cross-validationPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Sferruzzi M, Ricci L, Matarrese MAG, Izzi F, Placidi F, Sancetta BM, Cerulli Irelli E, Pulitano P, Di Lazzaro V, Tombini M, Assenza G. · Epilepsia · Published: 2026-09-22 · Added to site: 2026-09-24
Pretreatment EEG network features showed a moderate signal for identifying people who later had important levetiracetam side effects. The model needs prospective external validation before clinical use.
Participants 62 people selected from a 134-person levetiracetam monotherapy cohort: all 31 with clinically significant neuropsychiatric adverse effects and 31 age- and sex-matched controlsFocus Epilepsy, Medication tolerability, Predictive biomarkers
Single-site retrospective uncontrolled cohortPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Rubaye S, Shah A, Aldulaimy W, Hernandez A, Park H, Sorial V, Prasad P, Iyengar S. · International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice · Published: 2026-09-19 · Added to site: 2026-09-23
Symptoms improved during follow-up in this clinical cohort, supporting controlled investigation of a compressed treatment schedule.
Participants 64 treatment courses in 55 adults, not 64 independent patientsFocus PTSD, Depression, Traumatic brain injury
Longitudinal observational replication with unimpaired controlsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Mark JI, Gangwani R, Snyder C, Cassidy JM. · Clinical EEG and neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-22 · Added to site: 2026-09-23
Repeated EEG measurements tracked patterns associated with motor recovery, supporting further biomarker research rather than proving treatment benefit.
Participants 30 people after stroke and 17 unimpaired controlsFocus Stroke, Motor recovery, Biomarkers
Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of double-blind parallel-group randomized trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Cui H, Wang G, Wang S, Tang R, Li Y, Jiang W, Wei Y, Zhang T, Xu L, Jiang L, Wang J, Li C. · Psychiatry research · Published: 2026-09-19 · Added to site: 2026-09-23
Pooled findings favored brain stimulation for ADHD symptoms, but effects varied markedly. The review does not support routine clinical use.
Participants 15 studies, 17 comparisons and 746 participantsFocus ADHD, Clinical symptoms
Double-blind controlled case series with sham feedbackPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Carvalho R, Azevedo E, Marques P, Dias N, Cerqueira JJ. · Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · Published: 2026-09-20 · Added to site: 2026-09-21
Seven people with chronic stroke completed motor-imagery training and physiotherapy with either real or sham EEG feedback. Functional and brain-activation findings favored real feedback in this tiny exploratory study, but the result is not yet reliable efficacy evidence.
Participants 7 people with chronic stroke; exact active and sham group sizes were not reported in the accessible abstractFocus Chronic stroke, Upper-limb rehabilitation, Neuroplasticity
Randomized sham-controlled proof-of-principle trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Morris LS, Beltrán JM, Kvamme TL, Chowdhury A, Butler G, Adams A, Patel T, Obie E, Fontaine S, Corniquel M, Mehta MM, Smith DA, Fleysher L, Balchandani P, Jacob Y, Murrough JW. · Molecular psychiatry · Published: 2026-09-19 · Added to site: 2026-09-21
A randomized 7-Tesla fMRI biofeedback study found short-term mood-related improvement after training aimed at a motivation-related midbrain region. Active-versus-sham differences were present immediately and at 24 hours, but not at 7 or 30 days.
Participants 62 unmedicated participants with major depressive disorder or healthy-control status; exact diagnostic and treatment-arm counts were not reported in the accessible abstractFocus Major depressive disorder, Motivation, Precision biofeedback
PRISMA systematic review of individualized tACS experimentsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Sharifzadeh S, Jouzdani AF, Souki A, Brunoni AR, Marques DB, Ebrahimi M, Ghobadi-Azbari P, Pariz A, Soleimani G, Yavari F, Khosrowabadi R, Violante IR, Ekhtiari H. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · Published: 2026-09-20 · Added to site: 2026-09-21
A systematic review mapped 143 experiments that personalized tACS from EEG or MEG. Most individualized stimulation frequency, especially alpha, while relatively few personalized timing or electrode placement.
Participants 78 publications comprising 143 experiments: 128 EEG-informed and 15 MEG-informedFocus Brain oscillations, Closed-loop stimulation, Cognition
PRISMA systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of randomized trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Ok SM, Lee M. · Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery · Published: 2026-09-21 · Added to site: 2026-09-21
Across 18 randomized trials, PBM was associated with less burning-mouth pain and better oral-health-related quality of life. Results varied substantially for pain, and the review could not identify one best treatment protocol.
Participants 18 randomized trials; total participant count was not reported in the accessible abstractFocus Burning mouth syndrome, Pain, Oral health quality of life
Prospective open-label first-in-human single-session pilotPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Bansal L, Pawar K, Vargas L, Helekar SA. · Seizure · Published: 2026-09-15 · Added to site: 2026-09-21
Ten children completed one monitored session of a wearable rotating-permanent-magnet intervention without a serious event, and their short-term EEG spike burden decreased. The study did not test symptoms, learning, durability or benefit against sham treatment.
Participants 10 children ages 3 to 14 with focal continuous spike-and-wave during sleepFocus Continuous spike-and-wave during sleep, Pediatric epilepsy, Safety and feasibility
Single-blind two-arm randomized pilot feasibility and acceptability trialPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Lin AM, Rachwal B, Asti L, Orgil Z, Santiago I, Ding L, Kashikar-Zuck S, King CD, Williams SE, Black WR, Minneci PC, Olbrecht VA. · Journal of medical Internet research · Published: 2026-09-16 · Added to site: 2026-09-20
A respiratory-biofeedback VR program was practical and generally well accepted among adolescents around surgery. The pilot was designed to test feasibility, not whether it reduced pain or anxiety better than the control app.
Participants 70 adolescents enrolled; 65 completed, including 30 in VR biofeedback and 35 in the active-control groupFocus Pediatric surgery, Pain and anxiety, Feasibility
In-vitro mechanistic cell studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Li N, Ma C, Zhou T, Li N, Deng W, Ye Y, Liu Y, Chen H. · Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology · Published: 2026-09-15 · Added to site: 2026-09-20
Near-infrared light protected cultured neuronal cells from several corticosterone-related stress signals. This is early laboratory work and does not show that PBM treats stress-related conditions in people.
Participants Mouse hippocampal HT22 cells exposed to corticosteroneFocus Neuronal stress, Mitochondrial function, Autophagy
Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Zhai H, Wang T, Yan H, Xu N, Zhai H, Wei H. · Journal of integrative and complementary medicine · Published: 2026-09-18 · Added to site: 2026-09-20
Across 23 trials in healthy people, PBM was associated with small average gains in muscle endurance and strength. The results do not establish a best protocol or a rehabilitation benefit in patients.
Participants 23 randomized controlled trials; the total participant count was not reported in the accessible abstractFocus Muscle endurance, Muscle strength, Exercise performance
Two-group pulse-count-matched single-session physiological comparisonPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Song Z, Wei K, Zeng H, Zhan X, Fan Q, Wang X, Sui Y, Li B, Zhao Z, Liang F. · Journal of neural engineering · Published: 2026-09-18 · Added to site: 2026-09-20
Central and peripheral magnetic stimulation produced different immediate fNIRS response patterns after stroke. The study measured short-term brain physiology, not functional recovery or lasting rehabilitation benefit.
Participants 57 people with unilateral strokeFocus Stroke, Cortical hemodynamics, Functional connectivity
Multi-dataset computational benchmark with repeated-seed and compatibility analysesPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Cai Y, Guo Q, Lin X. · Journal of neuroscience methods · Published: 2026-09-18 · Added to site: 2026-09-20
A very small software module modestly improved average EEG movement decoding across several benchmark tests. This is engineering evidence, not a clinical benefit or a prospective online BCI trial.
Participants Three public EEG datasets plus a seven-backbone compatibility analysis on BCI Competition IV-2aFocus EEG decoding, Electrode topology, Lightweight machine learning
Theoretical and methodological reviewPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Brancaccio A, Miniussi C. · Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · Published: 2026-09-15 · Added to site: 2026-09-19
The paper proposes waiting for a selected brain-network state before delivering TMS. It is a research framework, not evidence that the approach improves treatment or patient outcomes.
Participants Not applicable; no new participant study was reportedFocus Closed-loop stimulation, Functional connectivity, Brain state
PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis using robust-variance meta-regressionPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Santopetro NJ, Thompson B, El Jamal C, Brush CJ, Schmidt B, Hajcak G. · Biological psychology · Published: 2026-09-18 · Added to site: 2026-09-19
Across 51 studies, depression was associated with a small reduction in the brain's late positive response to positive material. This group-level pattern is not a diagnostic test or an individual treatment guide.
Participants 51 studies with 4,517 participantsFocus Depression, Late positive potential, Emotional processing
Case-control sleep EEG study with machine-learning classification and SHAP interpretationPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Premakumara N, Yang CY, Sudantha BH, Chen KW. · Physiological measurement · Published: 2026-09-18 · Added to site: 2026-09-19
NREM EEG patterns separated the insomnia and healthy-sleeper groups more clearly than REM patterns in this 100-person study. The result improves understanding of sleep physiology but is not yet a validated diagnostic test.
Participants 100 adults: 50 healthy sleepers and 50 with primary insomniaFocus Primary insomnia, Sleep stages, Explainable machine learning
Preliminary cross-sectional correlational studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Vahid-Vahdat P, Naghdi Sadeh R, Samadzadehaghdam N, Ebrahimi-Kalan A, Farhang S. · Neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-18 · Added to site: 2026-09-19
The study found that different symptom dimensions were associated with different regional EEG-frequency patterns. The result is preliminary and does not establish a diagnostic test or a treatment-selection tool.
Participants 18 participantsFocus Schizophrenia spectrum disorders, Spectral power, Symptom dimensions
Within-participant active-versus-paused STN-DBS mechanistic study with healthy kinematic comparisonPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Hanafi I, Pozzi NG, Habib R, Falciglia S, Del Vecchio Del Vecchio J, Remore LG, Marotta G, Buck A, Pezzoli G, Volkmann J, Isaias IU, Palmisano C. · Brain stimulation · Published: 2026-09-18 · Added to site: 2026-09-19
Active DBS was associated with better gait adaptation and a shift toward right-frontal network activity in this small mechanistic study. It does not yet define an individual programming rule or show durable everyday benefit.
Participants 12 people with Parkinson's disease; 8 age-matched healthy participants for comparative kinematicsFocus Parkinson's disease, Gait adaptation, Network modulation
Uncontrolled proof-of-concept pre-post intervention studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Hahn U, Hübner C, Hilbert A, Schmidt R. · Brain research · Published: 2026-09-17 · Added to site: 2026-09-18
Ten neurofeedback sessions were feasible and accepted in this small study. Some eating-behavior and body-mass measures changed from before to after training, but the targeted EEG change was very small and the study had no comparison group.
Participants 20 childrenFocus Childhood overweight and obesity, Eating behavior, Self-regulation
Narrative review based on a PubMed/MEDLINE search through June 2026Positive with limitationsAbstract checked
Machado LDS, Schwartz AY, Lizarelli RFZ, Salgado ASI, Lopes-Martins RÁB, Gomes da Silva S, Cardoso FDS. · Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery · Published: 2026-09-17 · Added to site: 2026-09-18
The review describes biological reasons PBM may deserve study for migraine, but migraine-specific human evidence remains limited and no treatment protocol is established.
Participants Not applicable; the accessible abstract does not report the number of included studiesFocus Migraine, Mitochondrial function, Neuroinflammation
Retrospective cohort and machine-learning comparison studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Verboom M, Hunfeld M, Straver DCG, Buysse C, Jongbloed G, van den Berg R. · Resuscitation · Published: 2026-09-11 · Added to site: 2026-09-18
In this retrospective cohort, selected six- and two-channel EEG montages produced broadly comparable 12-month outcome predictions to the full montage. This is a feasibility result, not a stand-alone bedside rule.
Participants 82 children; median age 3.5 years; 60% had poor 12-month functional outcomeFocus Pediatric cardiac arrest, Prognostication, Reduced electrodes
Randomized controlled four-group single-session studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Thanakamchokchai J, Saengphatrachai W, Khacharoen S, Phuegsilp P, Srivanitchapoom P, Pitakpatapee Y, Pakaprot N, Fisher BE, Tretriluxana J. · Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · Published: 2026-09-11 · Added to site: 2026-09-18
Supplementary motor area stimulation improved selected reach-to-grasp planning and coordination measures immediately after one session. The study does not show whether benefits last or translate into daily function.
Participants 36 participants; 9 per groupFocus Parkinson's disease, Motor planning, Reach-to-grasp
Signal-processing development and benchmark validation studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Shaikh UQ, Kalra AM, Lowe A, Niazi IK. · IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · Published: 2026-09-16 · Added to site: 2026-09-18
The method improved artifact measures and a P300 spelling task in benchmark testing. It is an engineering result, not evidence of a clinical benefit or validated diagnostic use.
Participants Benchmark datasets and task validations; participant denominators were not available in the abstractFocus Wearable EEG, Artifact reduction, P300
Opinion article and narrative synthesisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Di Basilio D, Casson AJ, Jones A. · Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · Published: 2026-09-17 · Added to site: 2026-09-17
The paper explains why neurofeedback deserves careful study as an adjunct in FND care. It does not show that neurofeedback is already an effective treatment for FND.
Participants Not applicable; no new participant studyFocus Functional neurological disorder, Research methods, Personalization
Expert narrative review based on a non-systematic PubMed searchPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Noda Y. · Expert review of medical devices · Published: 2026-09-17 · Added to site: 2026-09-17
The review maps a growing range of stimulation options for difficult-to-treat depression and highlights the move toward personalized targeting. It is not a head-to-head trial or treatment recommendation.
Participants Not applicable; the abstract does not provide study countsFocus Treatment-resistant depression, Precision targeting, Home-based care
Randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trialPositive with limitationsFull text checked
Lu Y, Zhao K, Liu X, Lin X, Xue B, Zhang X, Li R, Feng F, Ding W, Sun X, Yuan H. · Journal of pain research · Published: 2026-09-10 · Added to site: 2026-09-17
Pain improved more after active rTMS than after sham in this small two-week study. Depression and anxiety improved within the active group, but those changes did not differ significantly from sham.
Participants 29 participants; 22 active and 7 shamFocus Spinal cord injury, Neuropathic pain, Depression
Translational study combining cell experiments, sham-controlled mouse experiments and a double-blind randomized human trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Jung J, Cheong C, Oh Y, Lee Y, Do KV, Zhu X, Kim J, Yeo C, Cho H, Kim JG, Kim T. · Molecular psychiatry · Published: 2026-09-15 · Added to site: 2026-09-17
The small human trial reported short-term improvements in insomnia severity, sleep disturbance and sleep latency. Larger, fully reported studies are needed before drawing treatment conclusions.
Participants 40 human participants; animal and cell denominators were not available in the abstractFocus Sleep, Insomnia, Adenosine
Simultaneous within-participant signal-comparison studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Chetty N, Bennett J, Schone HR, Fry A, Yoo PE, Lacomis D, Oxley TJ, Collinger JL, Putrino DF, Weber DJ. · Journal of neural engineering · Published: 2026-09-17 · Added to site: 2026-09-17
Both recording methods detected attempted movement in one participant. The implanted vascular signal was stronger in some conditions, but this does not establish broader clinical performance.
Participants One participant studied across two experimental sessionsFocus Motor intent, Paralysis, Signal quality
Retrospective cross-sectional EEG analysisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Aubonnet R, Hassan M, Gargiulo P, Seri S, Di Lorenzo G. · Brain topography · Published: 2026-09-11 · Added to site: 2026-09-16
Published September 11, 2026. Tracking changing EEG network patterns added information about psychosis beyond time-averaged measures. This is promising assessment research, not a diagnostic or treatment tool.
Participants 78 patients and 60 controls; medication subgroups of 51 and 27 patientsFocus Psychosis, Brain networks
Observational pilot studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Çetiner B, Metin B. · Clinical EEG and neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-14 · Added to site: 2026-09-16
Published September 14, 2026. Brain responses to mistakes were associated with fewer consecutive free-throw misses, offering a promising link between laboratory signals and real-world performance.
Participants 15 playersFocus Performance, Attention
Human intracranial EEG mapping studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Kochi R, Kanno A, Uda H, Hatano K, Sonoda M, Endo H, Cools M, Rothermel R, Luat AF, Asano E. · NeuroImage · Published: 2026-09-14 · Added to site: 2026-09-16
Published September 14, 2026. Researchers mapped how brain regions exchange information during naming. The work adds useful detail to models of human speech, rather than demonstrating improved language treatment.
Participants 127 patients; 9,526 artifact-free, nonepileptic recording sites, not 9,526 peopleFocus Language, Brain networks
Narrative clinical reviewPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Vu SH, Lutgens J, Manolopoulos KR, Katt S, Smith SM, Bunnell AE, Liu YK. · PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · Published: 2026-09-12 · Added to site: 2026-09-16
Published September 12, 2026. This review explains how seeing muscle activity in real time can support rehabilitation practice. It highlights applications and barriers to wider clinical use.
Participants No new participant cohort; study count not stated in the abstractFocus Rehabilitation, Motor function
Human physiology and source-modeling studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Van Hoornweder S, Beck MM, Nielsen JD, Tomasevic L, Meesen RLJ, Siebner HR, Thielscher A. · Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · Published: 2026-09-10 · Added to site: 2026-09-16
Published September 10, 2026. Comparing brain responses with modeled stimulation fields helped clarify what TMS-EEG measures. An early EEG response did not simply identify the location of the strongest electric field.
Participants 16 of 28 screened adults; 12 excluded because of muscle artifactsFocus Brain stimulation, Source localization
Controlled in-vitro cell studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Thongyoo K, Sinthao O, Kamoltheptawin K, Kodsomboon W, Khunnam W, Thoradit T, Ahmad M, Pooam M. · International journal of radiation biology · Published: 2026-09-11 · Added to site: 2026-09-15
Combined light and electromagnetic exposure changed selected inflammatory and redox-related measurements in cells. It does not show a benefit in people or a brain-health outcome.
Participants RAW264.7 macrophage cell cultures; replicate count unavailable in the abstractFocus Inflammation, Preclinical mechanisms
Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Cui T, Han X, Yao Q, Xu C, Shan A, Wang X, Li S, Luan H, Wen B, Chen R, Guo J, Lian Q, Li C, Sun Y, Lv S, Wei C. · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · Published: 2026-09-12 · Added to site: 2026-09-15
Several non-drug approaches showed promising scale-specific results. rTMS ranked highest for ADAS-Cog, but rankings do not prove that one option is best for every person.
Participants 50 randomized trials with 2,856 participantsFocus Alzheimer's disease, Cognition
Multi-site cross-sectional data synthesisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Stapper N, Sun Y, Poorganji M, Dhami P, Hadas I, Bailey NW, Kaewpijit P, Zomorrodi R, Kohn JN, Fitzgerald PB, Farzan F, Rodriguez FV, Downar J, Blumberger DM, Appelbaum LG, Daskalakis ZJ, Weissman CR. · Brain stimulation · Published: 2026-09-12 · Added to site: 2026-09-15
One local EEG response after a TMS pulse was associated with greater suicidal-ideation severity. This is a research finding, not a clinical test, prediction tool or evidence that TMS treats suicidal ideation.
Participants 299 adults across five academic medical centersFocus Depression, Suicidal ideation
Single-patient case reportPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Chirino-Pérez A, Merrick CM, Miranda-Casasola F, Labruna L, Sheltraw D, Ivry RB. · Cerebellum (London, England) · Published: 2026-09-11 · Added to site: 2026-09-14
Balance-related ratings and walking stability improved during an experimental stimulation-and-training program. One case cannot establish that the stimulation caused improvement.
Participants One patientFocus Stroke
Narrative reviewPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Bersotti FM, Alves G, Generoso VA, Neiva GS, Soares LL, Nunes GS, Daghastanli NA, Kato Prates IT, Takada SH. · Neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-11 · Added to site: 2026-09-14
This review explores how light might affect brain-cell energy, blood supply and inflammation. Promising mechanisms are not proof of treatment benefit.
Participants No pooled denominator in the abstractFocus Brain health
Cross-sectional observational clustering studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Arutiunian V, Sullivan CAW, Santhosh M, Neuhaus E, Borland H, Bernier RA, Bookheimer SY, Dapretto M, Jack A, Jeste S, McPartland JC, Naples A, Van Horn JD, Pelphrey KA, Webb SJ, Gupta AR. · Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · Published: 2026-09-12 · Added to site: 2026-09-13
Researchers found three EEG-derived patterns within the autistic group, with different clinical and genetic profiles. This is a research finding, not a diagnostic test or treatment-selection tool.
Participants 310 youths: 164 with autism and 146 typically developingFocus Autism, Biomarkers, Personalization
Narrative reviewPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Taj FH, Taiba. · Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology · Published: 2026-09-12 · Added to site: 2026-09-13
EEG can show when epileptic activity occurs, while fMRI can add spatial information about where related changes occur. This review describes the promise and practical challenges of combining them.
Participants Not applicable; reviewed literature count was not reported in the abstractFocus Epilepsy, Source localization
Narrative review informed by a structured literature searchPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Shirolapov I, Bazanova O, Zakharov A. · Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice · Published: 2026-05-04 · Added to site: 2026-09-13
The review describes promising improvements in reported sleep quality and some objective sleep measures. The underlying studies were generally small and varied, so neurofeedback has not been established as a replacement for CBT-I.
Participants 16 original studies selected from 179 identified recordsFocus Insomnia, Sleep
Preclinical mouse experimentPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Yu GG, Kim SM, Kim SC, Park GJ, Kim YM, Chai HS, Park HJ, Kim H. · Experimental brain research · Published: 2026-09-05 · Added to site: 2026-09-12
Combined treatment preserved movement and reduced neuronal loss more than either approach alone in mice. Human benefit has not been demonstrated by this experiment.
Participants Animal count not reported in the abstractFocus Brain injury, Preclinical
Retrospective diagnostic-accuracy studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Parra-Díaz P, Valls-Carbó A, Niso G, Beltrán-Corbellini Á, Román IS, Gil-Nagel A, Masjuan J, Delgado RT. · Epilepsia · Published: 2026-09-10 · Added to site: 2026-09-12
Source imaging helped localize the presumed seizure-generating region in a selected surgical population. This evaluates assessment, not neurofeedback treatment.
Participants 79 surgical patientsFocus Epilepsy, Source imaging
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Li G, Yue M, Fan S, Bai Q, Li S, Yang X, Chen X, Zhou Y, Zhong J, Shi J. · Neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-06 · Added to site: 2026-09-11
Combining acupuncture with rTMS was associated with better motor and daily-living scores than rTMS alone. Differences among trials and limited safety reporting mean the result should guide further evaluation, not guarantee an individual outcome.
Participants 30 trials with 3,261 participantsFocus Stroke, Motor recovery, Activities of daily living
Randomized sham-controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Liu L, Wang J, Wu Z, Wang J, Li N, Wang M. · Clinical EEG and neuroscience · Published: 2026-09-10 · Added to site: 2026-09-11
Depression scores improved more with active deep rTMS than with sham stimulation over four weeks. A possible relationship with baseline triglycerides is exploratory and is not ready to guide treatment decisions.
Participants 80 participants; 40 active and 40 shamFocus Depression, Personalization
Randomized double-blind sham-yoked controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Tsang MHL, Chen JC, Jiang H, Becker B. · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · Published: 2026-09-08 · Added to site: 2026-09-11
Participants receiving real fNIRS neurofeedback reported less stress during a laboratory stress test and less anxiety after training. Pain ratings did not improve, and the study did not involve a clinical population.
Participants 60 participantsFocus Stress, Anxiety, Emotion regulation
Human experimental studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Levitt J, Zeng X, Yang Z, Jacob LPL, Lewis LD. · Science translational medicine · Published: 2026-09-09 · Added to site: 2026-09-10
Precisely timed sounds increased sleep slow waves and associated cerebrospinal-fluid flow waves in healthy adults. The experiment measured physiology, not better sleep, cognition or disease outcomes.
Participants Not reported in the reviewed abstractFocus Sleep, Brain health
Validation studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Komal K, Cleary F, Narayanan RP, Wells JSG, Buiatti M, Bennett L. · PloS one · Published: 2026-09-09 · Added to site: 2026-09-10
The soft headband detected expected brain rhythms and event-related responses in a small healthy group, with favorable comfort reports. It was not tested as a diagnostic tool or long-term clinical monitor.
Participants 10 participantsFocus Brain monitoring, Brain health
Human technical proof-of-conceptPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Guggenberger R, Negahbani F, Gebühr JS, Keute M, Gharabaghi A. · NeuroImage · Published: 2026-09-09 · Added to site: 2026-09-10
A real-time system triggered TMS close to the intended EEG phase without predicting ahead. This is an engineering result, not evidence of better treatment outcomes.
Participants Not reported in the reviewed abstractFocus Brain stimulation, Brain health
Uncontrolled pilot studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Wigton NL, Krigbaum G. · Journal of attention disorders · Published: 2015-03-30 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
A small pilot reported improvements in attention, behavior and other measures after training. Its design cannot establish whether neurofeedback caused the changes.
Participants Outcome groups: attention 10; executive function 12; behavior 14; EEG 21Focus Attention, Executive function, Behavior
Randomized controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Gevensleben H, Holl B, Albrecht B, Vogel C, Schlamp D, Kratz O, Studer P, Rothenberger A, Moll GH, Heinrich H. · Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · Published: 2009-01-12 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Parent and teacher ratings favored neurofeedback over computerized attention training in this trial. Later research provides a more mixed picture of ADHD outcomes.
Participants 102 children, ages 8–12Focus ADHD
Technical methods studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Jehn C, Stiller C, Vavatzanidis NK, Reichenbach T. · Journal of neural engineering · Published: 2026-09-07 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Researchers describe a way to remove implant-generated interference from EEG while retaining brain responses to speech. This is a measurement advance, not a demonstrated improvement in hearing or neurofeedback outcomes.
Participants Participant count not reported in the reviewed abstractFocus Auditory processing
Meta-analysisPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Goessl VC, Curtiss JE, Hofmann SG. · Psychological medicine · Published: 2017-05-08 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
This review found reductions in self-reported stress and anxiety associated with HRV biofeedback. The authors called for more well-controlled studies.
Participants 24 studies; 484 participants receiving HRV biofeedbackFocus Stress, Anxiety
Randomized controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Carlson J, Ross GW, Tyrrell C, Fiame B, Nunokawa C, Siriwardhana C, Schaper K. · Explore (New York, N.Y.) · Published: 2025-02-15 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
This trial reported improvements in headache, sleep and attention after ILF neurofeedback. The findings support further study in veterans with persistent concussion symptoms.
Participants 87 enrolled; 36 intervention and 38 control completersFocus Post-concussion symptoms, Headache, Insomnia, Attention
Single-case experimental seriesPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Edvardsson A, Smith MG, Rolstad SE, Steingrimsson S, Enriquez-Geppert S, Balt K, Landahl J, Weineland S. · Frontiers in human neuroscience · Published: 2026-07-16 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Some participants reported better sleep after training, but responses varied. Improvements partly moved back toward baseline at three months, and wearable sleep measurements showed limited agreement.
Participants 10 enrolled; 9 completed; 8 analyzedFocus Insomnia
Randomized controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Barrett DW, Gonzalez-Lima F. · Neuroscience · Published: 2012-11-27 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Participants receiving infrared laser stimulation performed better on selected attention and memory tasks. This small study explored healthy volunteers, not treatment of a diagnosed condition.
Participants 40 volunteers: 20 treated, 20 controlsFocus Cognition
Sham-controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Martiny K, Lunde M, Bech P. · Biological psychiatry · Published: 2010-04-10 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Depression ratings improved more with active stimulation than sham in this short study. The specific treatment was delivered alongside existing antidepressant medication.
Participants Not reported in the reviewed abstractFocus Depression
Randomized controlled trialPositive with limitationsFull text checked
van der Kolk BA, Hodgdon H, Gapen M, Musicaro R, Suvak MK, Hamlin E, Spinazzola J. · PloS one · Published: 2016-12-16 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Neurofeedback participants showed greater improvements in PTSD symptoms than the waitlist group. A larger blinded trial would help establish how much benefit came from the training itself.
Participants 52 randomized; 44 completedFocus PTSD
Randomized controlled trialPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Cole EJ, Phillips AL, Bentzley BS, Stimpson KH, Nejad R, Barmak F, Veerapal C, Khan N, Cherian K, Felber E, Brown R, Choi E, King S, Pankow H, Bishop JH, Azeez A, Coetzee J, Rapier R, Odenwald N, Carreon D, Hawkins J, Chang M, Keller J, Raj K, DeBattista C, Jo B, Espil FM, Schatzberg AF, Sudheimer KD, Williams NR. · The American journal of psychiatry · Published: 2021-10-29 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Active treatment produced a greater reduction in depression ratings than sham in this small trial. The findings concern a specific intensive, personalized protocol.
Participants 32 enrolled; 29 received treatment: 14 active, 15 shamFocus Depression
Nonrandomized controlled studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Wu YC, Yu HE, Yen CF, Yeh YC, Jian CR, Lin CW, Lin IM. · Journal of affective disorders · Published: 2024-01-08 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Patients receiving neurofeedback had lower depression and anxiety scores after treatment than the comparison group. Because allocation was not randomized, other differences could explain some of the results.
Participants 48 patientsFocus Depression, Anxiety
Controlled studyPositive with limitationsAbstract checked
Huang MH, Yeh YC, Yen CF, Ke CK, Jian CR, Lin CW, Lin IM. · Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · Published: 2026-01-28 · Added to site: 2026-09-09
Researchers observed changes in selected EEG connectivity measures following training. These brain-signal findings do not by themselves establish better clinical recovery.
Participants 61 patientsFocus Depression, Anxiety
